{
  "version": 1,
  "license": "CC BY 4.0",
  "note": "Company registry curated by QuantumRoundup. Funding totals are approximations compiled from public announcements and press coverage; confidence and precision flags mark how reliable each figure is. Verify with official sources before making decisions.",
  "techCategories": {
    "quantum-computing": "Quantum Computing",
    "quantum-communication": "Quantum Communication",
    "quantum-sensing": "Quantum Sensing & Metrology"
  },
  "regions": ["China", "United States", "Europe", "North America", "Asia-Pacific", "Middle East"],
  "companies": [
    {
      "id": "psi-quantum",
      "name": "PsiQuantum",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Palo Alto, CA",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 1665000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "high",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Building fault-tolerant photonic quantum computers with utility-scale sites announced in Brisbane (Australia) and Chicago (US).",
      "website": "https://www.psiquantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "quantinuum",
      "name": "Quantinuum",
      "aliases": ["Honeywell Quantum"],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Boulder, CO",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Trapped-ion",
      "founded": 2021,
      "totalFundingUsd": 1100000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "medium",
      "status": "public",
      "ticker": "reported US IPO, 2026",
      "description": "Trapped-ion quantum computing company formed from Honeywell Quantum Solutions and Cambridge Quantum; reported ~$1.1B in private funding before a reported 2026 US IPO (~$1.68B raised).",
      "website": "https://www.quantinuum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "ionq",
      "name": "IonQ",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "College Park, MD",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Trapped-ion",
      "founded": 2015,
      "totalFundingUsd": 1500000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "medium",
      "status": "public",
      "ticker": "NYSE: IONQ",
      "description": "Publicly traded trapped-ion quantum computing company; reported a ~$1B equity offering in 2025 and acquired Oxford Ionics.",
      "website": "https://ionq.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "rigetti",
      "name": "Rigetti Computing",
      "aliases": ["Rigetti"],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Berkeley, CA",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Superconducting",
      "founded": 2013,
      "totalFundingUsd": 700000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "public",
      "ticker": "Nasdaq: RGTI",
      "description": "Full-stack superconducting quantum computing company, public since 2022; raised several hundred million dollars via ATM programs in 2025.",
      "website": "https://www.rigetti.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "d-wave",
      "name": "D-Wave Quantum",
      "aliases": ["D-Wave Systems", "DWave"],
      "country": "Canada",
      "countryCode": "CA",
      "region": "North America",
      "hq": "Burnaby, BC",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Annealing + gate model",
      "founded": 1999,
      "totalFundingUsd": 900000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "public",
      "ticker": "NYSE: QBTS",
      "description": "Pioneering quantum annealing company, public since 2022 and the first commercial supplier of quantum computers; now also developing gate-model systems.",
      "website": "https://www.dwavequantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "quera",
      "name": "QuEra Computing",
      "aliases": ["QuEra"],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Boston, MA",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Neutral-atom",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 370000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Neutral-atom quantum computing company spun out of Harvard/MIT; reported a $230M Series B in early 2025 with participation from Google.",
      "website": "https://www.quera.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "sandboxaq",
      "name": "SandboxAQ",
      "aliases": ["Sandbox AQ"],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Palo Alto, CA",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "AI + algorithms",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 950000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "medium",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Quantum and AI software company spun out of Alphabet; reported raising ~$500M (2022) and ~$450M (2025).",
      "website": "https://www.sandboxaq.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "infleqtion",
      "name": "Infleqtion",
      "aliases": ["ColdQuanta"],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Boulder, CO",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Neutral-atom + sensing",
      "founded": 2007,
      "totalFundingUsd": 160000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "going-public",
      "description": "Neutral-atom quantum technology company (formerly ColdQuanta) spanning computing and quantum sensing; announced a SPAC merger valuing it around $1.8B.",
      "website": "https://www.infleqtion.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "atom-computing",
      "name": "Atom Computing",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Berkeley, CA",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Neutral-atom",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 60000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Neutral-atom quantum computing company known for demonstrating 1,000+ qubit arrays; partnered with Microsoft on cloud access.",
      "website": "https://atom-computing.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "qci",
      "name": "Quantum Computing Inc.",
      "aliases": ["QCi", "QUBT"],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Hoboken, NJ",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic (analog)",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 60000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "public",
      "ticker": "Nasdaq: QUBT",
      "description": "Publicly traded company marketing photonic and nonlinear-quantum-optics machines for optimization and sensing applications.",
      "website": "https://www.quantumcomputinginc.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "eeroq",
      "name": "EeroQ",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "Chicago, IL",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Helium (e-over-e)",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 17000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Startup pursuing electrons-over-helium qubits; announced plans for a fabrication facility in Illinois.",
      "website": "https://www.eeroq.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "photonic-inc",
      "name": "Photonic Inc.",
      "aliases": ["Photonic"],
      "country": "Canada",
      "countryCode": "CA",
      "region": "North America",
      "hq": "Vancouver, BC",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Silicon spin-photon",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 140000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Developing optically-linked silicon spin qubits with a long-running partnership with Microsoft.",
      "website": "https://photonic.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "nord-quantique",
      "name": "Nord Quantique",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Canada",
      "countryCode": "CA",
      "region": "North America",
      "hq": "Sherbrooke, QC",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Bosonic superconducting",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 44000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Canadian startup using bosonic modes for error-corrected superconducting qubits; reported a ~$44M raise in 2024.",
      "website": "https://nordquantique.ca"
    },
    {
      "id": "quantum-machines",
      "name": "Quantum Machines",
      "aliases": ["QM"],
      "country": "Israel",
      "countryCode": "IL",
      "region": "Middle East",
      "hq": "Tel Aviv",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Control & orchestration",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 220000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Leading provider of quantum control and orchestration hardware/software used by labs and QPU makers worldwide; reported a ~$170M Series C cited by industry analysts.",
      "website": "https://www.quantum-machines.co"
    },
    {
      "id": "multiverse-computing",
      "name": "Multiverse Computing",
      "aliases": ["Multiverse"],
      "country": "Spain",
      "countryCode": "ES",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "San Sebastián",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Quantum & quantum-inspired software",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 875000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "medium",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Spanish quantum software company (CompactifAI model compression, Singularity stack); Europe's most-funded quantum software firm, reported as a unicorn by regional databases.",
      "website": "https://multiversecomputing.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "quantware",
      "name": "QuantWare",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "countryCode": "NL",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Amsterdam",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Superconducting QPU foundry (VIO)",
      "founded": 2021,
      "totalFundingUsd": 200000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Dutch superconducting qubit processor foundry scaling chips via its proprietary VIO (Vertical I/O) architecture; reported ~$200M raised.",
      "website": "https://quantware.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "classiq",
      "name": "Classiq",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Israel",
      "countryCode": "IL",
      "region": "Middle East",
      "hq": "Tel Aviv",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Circuit synthesis software",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 110000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Quantum software company whose synthesis engine compiles high-level functional models into optimized quantum circuits.",
      "website": "https://www.classiq.io"
    },
    {
      "id": "quantum-art",
      "name": "Quantum Art",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Israel",
      "countryCode": "IL",
      "region": "Middle East",
      "hq": "Tel Aviv",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic",
      "founded": 2022,
      "totalFundingUsd": 27000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Photonics-based fault-tolerant quantum computing startup founded by quantum optics veterans.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "iqm",
      "name": "IQM Quantum Computers",
      "aliases": ["IQM"],
      "country": "Finland",
      "countryCode": "FI",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Espoo",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Superconducting",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 710000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "medium",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "European superconducting quantum computing leader selling on-premises systems and cloud access; reported a ~$320M Series B in September 2025 and regional databases place cumulative funding (incl. grants) near $700M.",
      "website": "https://www.meetiqm.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "pasqal",
      "name": "Pasqal",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "France",
      "countryCode": "FR",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Paris",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Neutral-atom",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 590000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Neutral-atom quantum computing company spun out of CNRS; reported a €100M Series B in 2023 and major public contracts; regional databases place cumulative funding (incl. grants) near $590M.",
      "website": "https://www.pasqal.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "alice-bob",
      "name": "Alice & Bob",
      "aliases": ["Alice and Bob"],
      "country": "France",
      "countryCode": "FR",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Paris",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Cat qubits (superconducting)",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 160000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "medium",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Pioneer of superconducting 'cat qubits' that suppress bit flips; reported a €100M Series B in January 2025, with cumulative funding around $160M.",
      "website": "https://alice-bob.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "qant",
      "name": "Q.ANT",
      "aliases": ["QANT"],
      "country": "Germany",
      "countryCode": "DE",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Stuttgart",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic (analog NISQ)",
      "founded": 2021,
      "totalFundingUsd": 75000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "German startup building photonic quantum processing units for industrial analog computing; reported a €68M round in 2024.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "eleqtron",
      "name": "eleQtron",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Germany",
      "countryCode": "DE",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Mülheim an der Ruhr",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Trapped-ion",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 58000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "medium",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Trapped-ion quantum computing company using its MAGIC radio-frequency control scheme; reported a €52.5M Series B in 2023.",
      "website": "https://www.eleqtron.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "planqc",
      "name": "planqc",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Germany",
      "countryCode": "DE",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Garching bei München",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Neutral-atom",
      "founded": 2022,
      "totalFundingUsd": 55000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Neutral-atom quantum computing startup from the Garching quantum valley ecosystem; reported ~€50M in combined 2024 financing.",
      "website": "https://www.planqc.de"
    },
    {
      "id": "quobly",
      "name": "Quobly",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "France",
      "countryCode": "FR",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Grenoble",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Silicon spin (FD-SOI)",
      "founded": 2022,
      "totalFundingUsd": 165000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Grenoble-based startup leveraging semiconductor FD-SOI manufacturing to scale silicon spin qubits; reported cumulative funding around $165M after its 2026 round.",
      "website": "https://quobly.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "quandela",
      "name": "Quandela",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "France",
      "countryCode": "FR",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Massy",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic (semiconductor sources)",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 60000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Photonic quantum computing company built around deterministic semiconductor quantum-dot photon sources.",
      "website": "https://www.quandela.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "oqc",
      "name": "Oxford Quantum Circuits",
      "aliases": ["OQC"],
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "countryCode": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Reading",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Superconducting",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 350000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "UK superconducting quantum computing company offering quantum computing as a service through major cloud platforms; funding trackers reported cumulative raises around $350M following its 2025–2026 rounds.",
      "website": "https://oxfordquantumcircuits.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "orca-computing",
      "name": "ORCA Computing",
      "aliases": ["ORCA"],
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "countryCode": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "London",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic + quantum memory",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 48000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Photonic quantum systems company integrating fiber-loop quantum memory with off-the-shelf photonics.",
      "website": "https://orca.compute"
    },
    {
      "id": "riverlane",
      "name": "Riverlane",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "countryCode": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Cambridge",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Error correction & control",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 80000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Builds the quantum error correction stack (DD1 decoders, Deltaflow) used across leading qubit platforms.",
      "website": "https://www.riverlane.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "quantum-motion",
      "name": "Quantum Motion",
      "aliases": ["Quantum Motion Technologies"],
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "countryCode": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "London",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Silicon CMOS spin",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 230000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "UK startup developing silicon-based quantum chips compatible with standard CMOS foundry processes; reported cumulative funding around $230M following later-stage raises.",
      "website": "https://quantummotion.tech"
    },
    {
      "id": "phasecraft",
      "name": "Phasecraft",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "countryCode": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Bristol & London",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Algorithms & applications",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 40000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Applied quantum algorithms company founded by UCL/Bristol academics; focuses on near-term useful quantum simulation.",
      "website": "https://phasecraft.io"
    },
    {
      "id": "nu-quantum",
      "name": "Nu Quantum",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "countryCode": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Cambridge",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "Networking components",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 10000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Builds quantum networking units and single-photon detection technology for datacenter-scale quantum networks.",
      "website": "https://nuquantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "c12qe",
      "name": "C12 Quantum Electronics",
      "aliases": ["C12"],
      "country": "France",
      "countryCode": "FR",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Paris",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Carbon nanotube",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 20000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Uses carbon nanotubes as qubits connected via microwave quantum bus for scalable on-chip networks.",
      "website": "https://www.c12qe.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "kipu-quantum",
      "name": "Kipu Quantum",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Germany",
      "countryCode": "DE",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Walldorf & Karlsruhe",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Algorithms & co-design",
      "founded": 2021,
      "totalFundingUsd": 25000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Application- and hardware-aware quantum algorithm company focused on compressed circuits for today's devices.",
      "website": "https://www.kipu-quantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "parityqc",
      "name": "ParityQC",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Austria",
      "countryCode": "AT",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Innsbruck",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Architecture & OS",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 28000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Innsbruck-based architect of the parity quantum computing model with an associated operating system stack.",
      "website": "https://www.parityqc.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "aqt",
      "name": "Alpine Quantum Technologies",
      "aliases": ["AQT"],
      "country": "Austria",
      "countryCode": "AT",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Innsbruck",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Trapped-ion",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 25000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Trapped-ion quantum computer manufacturer serving European research and industry customers.",
      "website": "https://www.aqt.eu"
    },
    {
      "id": "quix-quantum",
      "name": "QuiX Quantum",
      "aliases": ["Quix"],
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "countryCode": "NL",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Enschede",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 30000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Photonic quantum processor company; reported multi-million-euro raises including a 2024 Series A extension.",
      "website": "https://quantumphotronics.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "qblox",
      "name": "Qblox",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "countryCode": "NL",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Delft",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Control electronics",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 30000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Supplier of modular, scalable quantum control stacks (Control Hub, cluster hardware) to labs worldwide.",
      "website": "https://www.qblox.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "origin-quantum",
      "name": "Origin Quantum",
      "aliases": ["本源量子", "Benyuan Quantum", "Hefei Origin Quantum"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Hefei, Anhui",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Superconducting",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 140000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "China's first quantum computing company (spun out of USTC), building superconducting 'Wukong' series chips, full-stack software (QRunes) and quantum cloud.",
      "website": "https://www.originqc.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "ciqtek",
      "name": "CIQTEK",
      "aliases": ["国仪量子", "Guoyi Quantum"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Hefei, Anhui",
      "tech": "quantum-sensing",
      "subTech": "EPR / diamond magnetometry",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 85000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Hefei-based quantum precision measurement company (electron paramagnetic resonance, diamond quantum sensors) expanding into quantum computing control.",
      "website": "https://www.ciqtek.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "turing-quantum",
      "name": "Turing Quantum",
      "aliases": ["图灵量子", "Shanghai Turing Quantum"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Shanghai",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Photonic",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 70000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Shanghai photonic quantum computing and photonic chip company led by JIN Xianmin's team at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "spinq",
      "name": "SpinQ",
      "aliases": ["量旋科技", "Shenzhen SpinQ Technology"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Shenzhen",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Desktop NMR + superconducting",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 55000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Shenzhen company selling desktop NMR quantum computers for education and cloud-accessible superconducting machines; media reported a ~¥300M Series B in 2024.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "boson-quantum",
      "name": "Boson Quantum",
      "aliases": ["玻色量子", "Beijing Boson Quantum"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Beijing",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Coherent Ising machine",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 20000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Beijing startup building coherent Ising machines for combinatorial optimization ('.lbq' optical computing).",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "hray-quantum",
      "name": "H-Ray Quantum",
      "aliases": ["华翊量子"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Beijing",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Trapped-ion",
      "founded": 2021,
      "totalFundingUsd": 35000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Trapped-ion quantum computing startup co-founded by DUAN Luming (Tsinghua University); media-reported A-round financing.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "qike-quantum",
      "name": "QIKE Quantum",
      "aliases": ["启科量子", "Qike"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Zhuhai, Guangdong",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "QKD + ion trap",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 30000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Quantum communication company developing QKD terminals and distributed ion-trap quantum computing prototypes.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "wentian-quantum",
      "name": "Wentian Quantum",
      "aliases": ["问天量子"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Wuhu, Anhui",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "QKD",
      "founded": 2009,
      "totalFundingUsd": 20000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Early Chinese quantum communication company founded with USTC ties, supplying QKD systems and quantum random number generators.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "quantumctek",
      "name": "QuantumCTek",
      "aliases": ["国盾量子", "Anhui Quantum Communication Technology"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Hefei, Anhui",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "QKD products",
      "founded": 2009,
      "totalFundingUsd": 130000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "public",
      "ticker": "SSE STAR: 688027",
      "description": "First Chinese quantum technology company listed on the STAR Market (2020); supplies QKD equipment for the national quantum backbone network.",
      "website": "https://www.quantum-info.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "china-telecom-quantum",
      "name": "China Telecom Quantum Group",
      "aliases": ["中电信量子", "中电信量子信息科技集团"],
      "country": "China",
      "countryCode": "CN",
      "region": "China",
      "hq": "Hefei, Anhui",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "Quantum network operator",
      "founded": 2023,
      "totalFundingUsd": 420000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "state-backed",
      "description": "State-backed quantum communications operator established by China Telecom with RMB 3B registered capital, building quantum-secure networks and services.",
      "website": null
    },
    {
      "id": "qnami",
      "name": "Qnami",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Switzerland",
      "countryCode": "CH",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Basel",
      "tech": "quantum-sensing",
      "subTech": "Diamond NV magnetometry",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 10000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Swiss deep-tech startup commercializing diamond NV-center quantum microscopes for materials analysis.",
      "website": "https://qnami.ch"
    },
    {
      "id": "single-quantum",
      "name": "Single Quantum",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "countryCode": "NL",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Delft",
      "tech": "quantum-sensing",
      "subTech": "SNSPD single-photon detection",
      "founded": 2012,
      "totalFundingUsd": 8000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Delft-based supplier of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors used in quantum optics and QKD labs worldwide.",
      "website": "https://singlequantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "atomionics",
      "name": "Atomionics",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Singapore",
      "countryCode": "SG",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Singapore",
      "tech": "quantum-sensing",
      "subTech": "Cold-atom gravimetry",
      "founded": 2020,
      "totalFundingUsd": 5000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Builds cold-atom interferometer sensors ('Gravio') for underground resource mapping and navigation.",
      "website": "https://www.atomionics.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "qrypt",
      "name": "Qrypt",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "United States",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "region": "United States",
      "hq": "New York, NY",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "Quantum entropy / key generation",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 40000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Quantum-safe encryption company providing cloud- and hardware-based quantum entropy for key generation.",
      "website": "https://www.qrypt.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "kets",
      "name": "KETS Quantum Security",
      "aliases": ["KETS"],
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "countryCode": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Bristol",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "Photonic integrated QKD",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 12000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "University of Bristol spin-out miniaturizing QKD transmitters and receivers on photonic integrated circuits.",
      "website": "https://ketsquantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "id-quantique",
      "name": "ID Quantique",
      "aliases": ["IDQ"],
      "country": "Switzerland",
      "countryCode": "CH",
      "region": "Europe",
      "hq": "Geneva",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "QKD + single-photon counting",
      "founded": 2001,
      "totalFundingUsd": 30000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Pioneer in quantum-safe encryption and photon counting instruments; majority owned by SK Telecom (South Korea) since 2018.",
      "website": "https://www.idquantique.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "silicon-quantum-computing",
      "name": "Silicon Quantum Computing",
      "aliases": ["SQC"],
      "country": "Australia",
      "countryCode": "AU",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Sydney, NSW",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Atomic silicon",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 85000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "UNSW spin-out fabricating atomically precise silicon quantum processors based on Michelle Simmons' research program.",
      "website": "https://sqc.com.au"
    },
    {
      "id": "q-ctrl",
      "name": "Q-CTRL",
      "aliases": ["QCTRL"],
      "country": "Australia",
      "countryCode": "AU",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Sydney, NSW",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Error suppression software",
      "founded": 2017,
      "totalFundingUsd": 120000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Quantum control and error-suppression software company with products for enterprises and infrastructure providers.",
      "website": "https://q-ctrl.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "diraq",
      "name": "Diraq",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Australia",
      "countryCode": "AU",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Sydney, NSW",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Silicon CMOS spin",
      "founded": 2022,
      "totalFundingUsd": 25000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Silicon spin qubit company using standard CMOS manufacturing, spun out of UNSW Sydney.",
      "website": "https://www.diraq.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "quantum-brilliance",
      "name": "Quantum Brilliance",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Australia",
      "countryCode": "AU",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Canberra, ACT",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Diamond NV",
      "founded": 2019,
      "totalFundingUsd": 25000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Diamond NV-center quantum accelerator company developing room-temperature deployable systems.",
      "website": "https://www.quantumbrilliance.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "speqtral",
      "name": "SpeQtral",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Singapore",
      "countryCode": "SG",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Singapore",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "Satellite QKD",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 15000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "National University of Singapore spin-out developing satellite-based quantum key distribution for global secure links.",
      "website": "https://speqtralquantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "horizon-quantum",
      "name": "Horizon Quantum Computing",
      "aliases": ["Horizon Quantum"],
      "country": "Singapore",
      "countryCode": "SG",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Singapore",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Software development tools",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 30000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "going-public",
      "description": "Quantum software development platform (Triple Alpha compiler stack); announced a SPAC merger to list in the US.",
      "website": "https://www.horizonquantum.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "qnu-labs",
      "name": "QNu Labs",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "India",
      "countryCode": "IN",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Bengaluru",
      "tech": "quantum-communication",
      "subTech": "QKD + QRNG",
      "founded": 2016,
      "totalFundingUsd": 5000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "India's leading quantum-safe cryptography startup offering QKD (Armos) and quantum random number generators (Tropos).",
      "website": "https://www.qnulabs.com"
    },
    {
      "id": "qunasys",
      "name": "QunaSys",
      "aliases": [],
      "country": "Japan",
      "countryCode": "JP",
      "region": "Asia-Pacific",
      "hq": "Tokyo",
      "tech": "quantum-computing",
      "subTech": "Quantum chemistry software",
      "founded": 2018,
      "totalFundingUsd": 10000000,
      "totalPrecision": "approx",
      "confidence": "low",
      "status": "private",
      "description": "Tokyo-based quantum computing software company focused on quantum chemistry algorithms and QURI platform.",
      "website": "https://www.qunasys.com"
    }
  ]
}